Small Volume Proving Of Ultrasonic Flowmeters
Author(s): Terry Cousins, John Thorogood
Abstract/Introduction:
The paper discusses in detail the concepts and problems behind proving Ultrasonic Transit time meters with small volume provers. Starting with the theoretical concept relating the effect of the calibration volume on repeatability, this is then related to the effects of fluid turbulence on the repeatability of these types of meters.
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Document ID:
D169FBD5
The Effects Of Piping Design On The Measurement Accuracy Of Meters In Large System Applications
Author(s): William J. Kolb I I I
Abstract/Introduction:
Over the past year or so, we have seen a number of existing fuel delivery gantry systems in various parts of the world that have been exhibiting some extreme transient pressure conditions. Some of these systems also have shown advanced corrosion within the piping system. We were drawn to these systems because of meter and/or valve performance was not acceptable.
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Document ID:
4AD155E6
Operating Experience Gas Ultrasonic Flow Meter For Custody Transfer
Author(s): Miftachul Munir
Abstract/Introduction:
In November 2003, Unocal commissioned and start up a gas-metering skid using multi-path ultrasonic technology on Santan Terminal on East Kalimantan. This gas-meter skid measures gas production from first deepwater field in Indonesia, West Seno field, for custody transfers application. The data provided by this UFM is used for East Kalimantan pipeline allocation of gas production back to this field. This paper describes the details of these installations, the subsequent performance of the meters and some operational experiences.
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Document ID:
6EF89213
Realisation Of Compact Metering Runs With Ultrasonic Gas Flow Meters And Reducing Measurement Uncertainty
Author(s): Koen H. Commissaris
Abstract/Introduction:
A new line of four-path ultrasonic meters is introduced incorporating new, more compact transducer technology. Simulation and test results demonstrate this meters suitability for use in custody transfer measurement. Additionally, this meter is presented in combination with a flow conditioner, allowing a 50% reduction in straight inlet pipe requirements while accuracy is maintained. Finally, a practical example is given to illustrate the power of the ultrasonic meters diagnostic capabilities.
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Document ID:
852460AB
Methods For Reduction Of Transfer Uncertainty In Flow Measurement
Author(s): Jim Hill, Andreas Weber
Abstract/Introduction:
Increased demand for product accountability has driven the need for exact quantification of measurement uncertainty. This challenge has lead to advances not only in flow meter technology, but also the capability of standardized meter calibration facilities.
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Document ID:
30363308
Wet Gas Experience With A Single Path Ultrasonic Flow Meter
Author(s): Skule E. Smorgrav, Atle K. Abrahamsen
Abstract/Introduction:
Ultrasonic gas flow meters are gaining popularity every year and they are also being introduced to more and more different applications. FMC developed a 3 path version of the MPU 1200 6 path fully fiscal ultrasonic meter which was tested with wet gas at CEESI, Colorado in 1999 1.
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Document ID:
17D8B0C5
Wet Gas Metering With V-Cone Meters
Author(s): Richard Steven, Bob Peters
Abstract/Introduction:
With the industrial requirement to meter wet gas flows increasing worldwide McCrometer has tested the performance of the single phase V-Cone meter (a Differential Pressure (DP) type meter) in wet gas flows in both the NEL and CEESI wet gas loops. These tests have shown how the V-Cone meter responds to different amounts of liquid entrained in a gas flow and have enabled correction factors to be developed.
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Document ID:
A9AFE445
Recent Research Results In Wet Gas Metering
Author(s): David Stewart, David Hodges, Gregor Brown
Abstract/Introduction:
Wet gas metering is being used increasingly in economically marginal fields, reducing the capital costs by allowing several small fields to share common platform infrastructure. The development of reliable wet gas meters is a key requirement in the oil and gas industry at present. Such meters should be able to measure both the gas and liquid flowrates if desired. However, in some cases the liquid flowrate is not important, requiring only the gas flowrate to be measured accurately.
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Document ID:
60C51CBA
Multiphase Flow Metering - Practical Requirements And Experience From Field Applications
Author(s): Andrew Hall
Abstract/Introduction:
Oil producers have always had a requirement for metering of multiphase production from wells and this has traditionally been performed by separation of the well stream and metering of the separated gas and liquid rates, either by fixed or portable well test units. In recent years, developments of technology have opened up the possibility of multiphase metering of unseparated well streams. Several commercial systems are available and some have now been in operation for several years.
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Document ID:
EB3F0ACA
The Universal Applicability Of The Non-Intrusive Widebeam Ultrasonic Flowmeter Technology To Both Oil And Gas Flow Applications
Author(s): Joe Baumoel, Robert Schaefer
Abstract/Introduction:
Gas and Oil are quite different from each other in their physical, chemical, and ultrasonic properties. Nevertheless, it has been found that each fluid state is able to utilize the pipe wall as a Sonic Waveguide to permit highly accurate and reliable non-intrusive flowmetering. This paper explains the similarities and difference between liquid and gas ultrasonic metering and provides field and laboratory test data that testifies to the ability of WideBeam Clamp-On Transit-time Ultrasonic flowmeters to provide highly accurate Checkmetering and Custody Transfer performance in both application classes.
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Document ID:
0E9CEE04
Manufacturing Accuracy - A Key Factor For Overall Performance On An Ultrasonic Gas Flow Meter
Author(s): Volker Herrmann
Abstract/Introduction:
Ultrasonic gas meters have been available commercially since the 1980s for a range of measuring tasks. Numerous developments have seen their application range increase enormously. Modern meters have found their niche particularly in applications that require official calibration and where accuracy is of paramount importance.
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Document ID:
DBB6CD88
Performance & Diagnostics Of Usm In Natural Gas Measurement
Author(s): Kevin Chin, Lim Song Hau, Ong Min Sing
Abstract/Introduction:
For the last 5 years, customers in Asia Pacific have installed more Gas Ultrasonic meters for custody transfer application. Tracing back to the early installations, the meters were installed just like any other meters. There was not much performance or diagnostic information given to flow computers or SCADA/DCS. Even when the diagnostic information is available, access to this information requires a lot of work. However, as time passed, customers were educated on the various diagnostic features available within the meter and, hence, with improved diagnostics built in, the monitoring of Ultrasonic meters (USM) can be done without the need to leave the control room.
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Document ID:
93CD955C
A Comparison Of Liquid Metering Technologies
Author(s): Gregor Brown, Neil Barton
Abstract/Introduction:
This paper provides an overview of modern flowmetering technologies commonly used to measure the flow of oil in hydrocarbon production and refining applications. It identifies the primary requirements for oil flowmeters and compares the performance of the turbine, positive displacement, Coriolis and ultrasonic meters against these criteria.
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Document ID:
0255F92E
An In Depth Comparison Of Four Gas Measurement Technologies Orifice, Turbine, Ultrasonic And Coriolis
Author(s): Dan Hackett, Tom Mooney, David Fisher
Abstract/Introduction:
It is widely accepted that global gas demand is set to double in the next ten years with major new upstream developments together with mid-stream transportation systems and downstream feed stock projects already underway. As this gas revolution evolves there will be a dramatic rise in the requirement for high accuracy measurement at every point in the gas value chain, Fig 1.
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Document ID:
01C6431C
Real-Time Flow Verification In Flare Gas Lines Using The Tracerco Diagnostics Flow Study
Author(s): David Fradgley, Matt Darwood
Abstract/Introduction:
Tracerco, a fully owned subsidiary of Johnson Matthey pic have, over the past forty years, offered the TRACERCO Diagnostics range of services to the petrochemical and oil & gas industries to investigate the performance of their process systems. The various services offered involve the use of radioactive sealed sources and radioactive unsealed sources, also known as tracers, to provide a rapid and detailed assessment of the performance of process systems whilst remaining on-line. The TRACERCO Diagnostics techniques effectively allow us to look inside vessels and pipes to identify their contents and measure their process conditions.
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Document ID:
FE0CDD14
Breakthrough In Flare Gas Monitoring Technology
Author(s): Steven J. Craig
Abstract/Introduction:
Flare gas monitoring is a mandated requirement for some processes in petrochemical and oil & gas applications. Environmental agencies specify continuous monitoring that must meet stringent conditions for accuracy and repeatability.
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Document ID:
4769EBBB
Web Based Clubs Help Tackle Issues Of Measurement Offshore
Author(s): Ming Yang, Jeff Gibson, Gregor Brown
Abstract/Introduction:
Oil-in-water monitoring and analysis is a subject of considerable interest to both regulatory authorities and industry. Accurate and reliable measurement of oil-in-water plays an important role in minimisation of oil pollution into the environment.
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Document ID:
9292B521
The Application Of Mems Technology To On-Line Analyzers For Natural Gas
Author(s): Johan Bats
Abstract/Introduction:
Process Gas Chromatographs have been in use in the natural gas industry since the early eighties. The core analytical elements are commonly manufactured with conventional finemechanical tools. Recently MEMS technology has enabled a new level of performance for online natural gas analysis.
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Document ID:
6E150EBD
Energy Measurement Using Correlative Techniques
Author(s): H.J. Panneman, F. Huijsmans
Abstract/Introduction:
To fulfill the latest requirements of the natural gas energy market Instromet is expanding its range of natural gas analysis equipment with a newly developed, low OPEX energy meter based on ultrasonic technology. Based on the combination of the measurement of the carbon dioxide content and the velocity of sound at both high (approx. 40 bar / 580 psi) and low (approx. 3 bar / 43 psi) pressure and a new, patented correlative algorithm an accurate, fast and direct measurement of natural gas parameters like calorific value, relative density, Wobbe index and compressibility has been realized.
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Document ID:
649B78D1
API Mpms Chapter 5 Section 6 For Proving Coriolis Meters - An Overview
Author(s): Steve Baldwin, Trilochan Gupta
Abstract/Introduction:
Coriolis flow meters have been used for Custody Transfer of Liquid Hydrocarbons in the Upstream, Downstream and Pipeline segments for single-phase flow measurement of petroleum products such as Crude Oil, White Oil, Black Oil, NGL Liquids etc. Historically these applications were done with variety of methods adopted for verification of these meters performance in the field or laboratory for custody transfer applications.
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Document ID:
4E66A2B9
Improving Flow Allocations By Using Meters Uncertainties
Author(s): Hoi Yeung, Sulaiman Al-Roumi
Abstract/Introduction:
Despite the huge amounts of money companies spend to improve their flow measurements they could get limited reward if their bill comes as a result of an improper allocation system. Conventional proportional allocation (PA) method has been used widely due to its familiarity and simplicity however, it may distribute the measurement imbalance in an unfair and improper manner due to its neglect of the uncertainty of the systems meters.
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Document ID:
14F4224F
Measurement Assurance Program Of The Ceesiowa Calibration Facility
Author(s): Thomas Kegel
Abstract/Introduction:
The CEESIowa calibration facility is designed to calibrate large (up to 762 mm, 30 inch) meters at high pressure (72 bar, 1050 psi). The Quality Control program is made up of three parts. The first part addresses management issues it consists of the documented procedures and policies that govern the day-to-day operations. The second part addresses technical issues.
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Document ID:
9D14E4C0
Direct Viscosity Measurement Obtained From A Coriolis Meter
Author(s): Wilhelm Staudt, Wolfgang Drahm, Hege Bjonnes
Abstract/Introduction:
Coriolis mass flowmeters have been increasingly and very successfully used for the last two decades in many different applications across virtually all industries.
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Document ID:
65F256DE
Applications Of Mass Measurements In Dynamic Fluid Flow
Author(s): Youseff F. Basrawi
Abstract/Introduction:
Mass flow measurement devices are one of many current technologies being evaluated today by major corporations and private instrumentation manufacturing companies in the hydrocarbon industry.
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Document ID:
81677483
Metering Management - The Future To-Day
Author(s): Gilbert Tonner
Abstract/Introduction:
The metering of hydrocarbons used to be easy. You had two choices: orifice for gas and turbine meters for liquid. The orifice plate was inspected once a year and the turbine meter was validated against an on-line prover. Each field had a dedicated transportation system pipeline or tanker. Designers, fabricators and operators worked within very clear parameters and the management of metering systems from operation to reporting was simplicity itself.
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Document ID:
7FAA8E29
New Multiphase Meter Design Available For Ultra Deep Applications
Author(s): Rolf Wium
Abstract/Introduction:
When setting design requirements for multiphase flow meter for ultra deep applications, measurement availability comes in focus. This is similar to any instrumentation for this type of application due to the severe consequences of a failure.
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Document ID:
D0CF5725
Performance Of A Dual-Energy Gamma / Ray Venturi Multiphase Flowmeter In High Gvf Environment During Field Trial In Middle East
Author(s): Bruno Pinguet, Ezgi Petek Turna
Abstract/Introduction:
Multiphase flow measurement technology has been the centre of attention in the oil and gas industry for the past years. Due to continuous improvements in multiphase flow measurement standards and, cost-effective applications of this technology the utilization of the multiphase flow meter (MFM) in field operations has become a widely accepted practice now.
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Document ID:
580C81EF
Multiphase Flow Metering Field Experiences In Brazil: An Artifical List Focus
Author(s): Bruno Pinguet, Wesley Barreto, J Lages, C Borges
Abstract/Introduction:
Multiphase flow measurement technology has been the centre of attention in the oil and gas industry for the past years. Due to continuous improvements in multiphase flow measurement standards and, cost-effective applications of this technology the utilization of the multiphase flow meter (MFM) in field operations has become a widely accepted practice now.
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Document ID:
F9611E3A
An Overview Of Multiphase Technology In Saudi Arabia
Author(s): Mirza A. Shammasi
Abstract/Introduction:
Saudi Aramco is one of leading oil companies in field testing and implementing the multiphase technologies in their best available shapes. In Aramco multiphase technologies mainly refer to surface and subsurface multiphase phase metering and pumping systems.
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Document ID:
0BEA8944
Coriolis Meter In Liquid/Liquid, Liquid/Gas And Liquid/Liquid/Gas Flows
Author(s): Hoi Yeung, John Hemp, Manus Henry, Michael Tombs
Abstract/Introduction:
The Coriolis meter is the only meter that can give both mass flow rate and fluid density by virtue of its measuring principles. In single phase flows it is recognised as one of the most accurate forms of flow meters. Coriolis meters are used to measure the liquid flow from test separators or as part of multiphase metering systems.
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Document ID:
897C7F5A