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Title: Measurement Of Produced Water Discharges - Regulatory Requirements And Recent Progress
Author: Alick Macgillivray, Ming Yang, Richard Paton
Source: 2007 North Sea Flow Measurement Workshop
Year Published: 2007
Abstract: Until recently, produced water was considered to be a waste stream for which metering was not a critical issue. As a result, little attention had been paid to the subject of metering this stream. However, in 2001 OSPAR (Oslo - Paris Commission) recommended a 15% reduction of oil discharged via produced water by 2006 1, in relation to the year 2000. This meant that there was a need to accurately measure both the concentration of oil in produced water and the volume of water being discharged. In the UK, new Regulations, called OPPC (Offshore Pollution Prevention and Control) 2 were introduced in 2005, which require the measurement of produced water volume to an uncertainty of 10% 3. This paper is divided into two parts. The first part (Part A) will provide a summary of the regulatory requirements related to the discharge of produced water in the North Sea and in UK in particular. It will examine the measurement issues raised by the introduction of the new legislation, including the best methods of achieving the performance targets. The second part (Part B) illustrates the importance of reporting produced water volumes at standard conditions of temperature and pressure (15C and 1.01325 bar absolute). Equations that can be used to calculate the density, and hence the expansion factors of produced water are proposed. These apply across the wide range of temperatures and salinities found in practice.

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