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Title: Primary Device Research
Author: W. Studzinski, D. G. Bell
Source: American Gas Association 1988
Year Published: 1988
Abstract: Nicks and burrs at the orifice edge, edge rounding, entrained liquids or solids, and protruding or recessed gaskets are conditions sometimes experienced during routine pipeline operations. Understanding the impact these conditions have on metering would be useful in developing new standards and could improve accuracy and reduce operating costs. This increased knowledge could also be used to ensure efficient meterstation design and operation. This paper presents results of experimental studies on the changes of flow rate due to damage at the orifice plate edge, liquid and solid build up on the orifice plate face, and orifice plate surface roughness. Experiments were carried out with natural gas at pipeline pressure and equipment often used in custody-transfer metering. The results provide data that are representative of what could be expected in the field. Although these conditions all alter the geometry of the orifice plate, the impact on metering accuracy varies greatly. Experiments show that a small nick on the leading edge of the orifice plate cannot cause significant metering errors. This suggests that the current industry method of testing orifice edge condition results in unnecessary orifice-plate rejections. Conversely this work has shown the build up of solids or liquids on the plate surface and increases in surface roughness results in significant changes in flow rate.

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