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Title: Discrete Ray Modeling For Ultrasonic Flowmeters
Author: Fuzhang Zhao,Thomas O. Maginnis
Source: 2009 Measurement Science Conference
Year Published: 2009
Abstract: Methods for modeling sound propagation in moving inhomogeneous media have been reviewed. The kinematic ray formulations are very effective for modeling ultrasonic transit-time flowmeters. We have derived the generalized refraction law for ray transmission from a stationary medium into an arbitrarily moving medium in two dimensions based on the Fermat principle. For nonflat flow profiles, the results obtained by the ray model can be compensated with the flow profile correction factor. In order to study the effects of non-flat flow profiles and temperature gradients on elastic waves, the discrete ray method has been developed and implemented with the MATLAB code.

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