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Title: Guidelines For Lowering Pipelines While In Service
Author: J. F. Kiefner, T. A. Wall
Source: American Gas Association 1985
Year Published: 1985
Abstract: Lowering or moving a pipeline Without taking it oui of service is an accepted means of protecting it at a new road crossing or other encroachment. We describe herein our approach to planning and carrying out a lowering operation. We present a means for calculating a lowered profile, in which the added stress can be limited to any desired value. We present a means to calculate temporary support spacings and step by step lowering schedules that keep stresses from exceeding desired limits. We also suggest that a desirable and practical limit for the stress in the pipeline after lowering is 54 percent of the specified minimum yield strength (SMYS) of the pipe material. This approach was developed as a part of a research project jointly sponsored by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, the American Petroleum Institute, and the U.S. Department of Transportation. While a few tables and an example calculation are presented herein, the study involved analysis methods and computer programs that are too detailed for inclusion in this paper. To make the appropriate calculations for any given pipeline, it is necessary to use one or more of the computer programs. The four computer programs, written in Fortran V and suitable for a VAX 11/780 computer, arc listed in Reference 1, the final report on this study. A limited number of copies of the report are available from the sponsoring organizations. Additional copies may be obtained from the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161. Please request Report No. DOTRSPA- DMT-30/84/8, Guidelines for Lowering Pipelines While in Service.

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