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Title: Orifice Fittings
Author: Russell E. Smith, Jr
Source: 1965 Southwestern Gas Measurement Short Course (Now called ISHM)
Year Published: 1965
Abstract: Orifice Measurement is just that: fluid measurement through an orifice. The orifice in an orifice plate creates the means of measurement therefore if the orifice is less than perfect, so the measurement will be also. These flat square edged plates provide the accounting for of nearly five billion dollars a year worth of natural gas and untold amounts of water and chemicals. Orifice plates must be properly applied to the line. This is done through the use of orifice flange unions or orifice fittings, welded or screwed to the approach and discharge piping. The unit composed of orifice plate, orifice flanges, approach and discharge piping is the primary element, which together with the secondary element, whether an inexpensive indicating water column or an elaborate recording differential pressure meter, provide the measurement data. Taking each component of the primary element in turn we shall first discuss orifice plates.

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