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Title: API 11.3.4 Miscellaneous Hydrocarbon Properties - Ethanol Density and VCF
Author: James M. Pettinato, Jr.
Source: 2022 International School of Hydrocarbon Measurement
Year Published: 2022
Abstract: The use of ethanol as an oxygenate component of retail motor fuels has been a standard practice since the 1980s. Billions of dollars worth of fuel composed of blend of gasoline and ethanol is delivered each year. There has always seemed to be a general acknowledgement in the industry that there was higher than expected uncertainty in the measurement of product volumes when gasoline and ethanol are blended. Measurement experts were witness to the uncertainty when using different blend stocks or between varying blending methods. Prior to the work starting to develop this new standard, the potential impact of the uncertainty related to ethanol-gasoline blend volumes was estimated to be around 90,000,000 per year in the U.S. alone. It became evident that there was a need to address these discrepancies in blended product volume.

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