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Title: Pipeline Casings-Do They Really Have Value?
Author: Virgil Johnston
Source: American Gas Association 1980
Year Published: 1980
Abstract: Pipeline crossings at roads and railroads have been recognized as a potential source of problems for many years. Vehicular traffic has induced undesirable stresses into the pipeline. Corrosive attack occurred due to differences in oxygen content, soil strata, backfill material variations, and moisture accumulations caused by abrupt changes in pipeline depth at road crossings. Coalings, when used, were of questionable quality and difficult to apply, especially at road crossings. Supplementary cathodic protection (C.P.) techniques were limited in use due to a lack of understanding of their value and application. When cathodic protection was used, the materials and construction techniques available often resulted in ineffective efforts.

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