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Title: Accurate Flow Measurements Using Ultrasonic Multi - Path Technology - Protrusion Effects
Author: T. Hies S. Leschka J. Skripalle
Source: 2014 South East Asia Flow Measurement Conference
Year Published: 2014
Abstract: Ultraso nic transit time multi - path flow meters are a very common technology for discharge measurements in large pipes, e.g. for hydro power plants 1. In order to achieve highest accuracy, insertion sensors, which are measuring in several parallel planes, provide higher accuracy than clamp - on solutions, where several non - parallel planes are established through the center of the pipe . The latter solution does not allow using integrating techniques like Gauss - Jacobi or OWICS (Optimized Weights for Circular Section) 2, 3 for reconstructing the full flow profile and therefore compromises on the measurement accuracy. The integration techniques according to Gauss - Jacobi does not consider the velocity gradient close to the pipe wall and both integration methods generate an integration error when disturbed velocity profils occur

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