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Title: Monitor Strategies And Implementation
Author: Claude Transue & Jim Green
Source: 2019 Western Gas Measurement Short Course
Year Published: 2019
Abstract: There are three basic methods of providing overpressure protection in a gas pipeline system Pressure Relief Valve, Pressure Limiting (Monitor) Regulators, and Automatic Shutoff Valves. Of these three methods, one vents overpressure to atmosphere and the other two will capture and control overpressure in the pipeline. In this paper, we will cover the two methods that capture and control overpressure conditions in the pipeline Pressure Limiting Monitors and Automatic Shutoff Valves (Slam Shut Devices). In years gone by, the most common overpressure protection method in pipelines was a Primary Regulator with a downstream Pressure Relief Valve that vented to atmosphere. A simple proven method of Overpressure Protection to be sure, but this form of overpressure protection is not as dominant as it once was in the Natural Gas Industry. The primary form of overpressure protection today is the Pressure Limiting Monitor Regulator. This Monitor Regulator acts as a second pressure controlling device, in series with the Primary Regulator, to provide overpressure protection and containment in the event of a Primary failure. A second form of overpressure protection and containment is an Automatic Shutoff Valve also known as a Slam Shut Device. Both strategies sense the same downstream pressure as the Primary Regulator and provide overpressure protection. When a Monitor regulator performs this job, it Monitors the primary regulator and, and thus gets its name from this responsibility. When an Automated Shutoff valve performs this job, it Slams Shut the pipeline on an overpressure condition, and thus gets its name from this responsibility. The difference between the two is the Monitor regulator will take over and control the pipeline at a slightly higher pressure than the Primary Regulator and thus keeps the pipeline flowing. The Slam Shut device will shut down the pipeline in the event of an overpressure condition.

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