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Title: Orifice Fittings Amd Meter Tubes
Author: William F. Weber
Source: 1973 Gulf Coast Measurement Short Course (Now called ASGMT)
Year Published: 1973
Abstract: For over 50 years, orifice meters have been the best method of measuring high pressure, large volume flows of natural gas. The basic orifice meter has not changed very much In this period. It still consists of a section of straight pipe with an orifice plate having a restrictive bore and a device for measuring the difference in pressures on each side of the plate. This pressure differential is caused by the change in velocity of gas flowing through the pipe as it passes through the restriction in the orifice plate. The higher the velocity, the greater the difference in pressure. This differential is usually measured by a U-tube manometer and expressed in terms of inches of water. One pound of gauge pressure will support a column of water 27.7 inches high. An orifice meter gauge recording 55 inches is measuring about two pounds of pressure drop across the orifice plate. To convert this 55 inches into a gas volume, we need to know the diameters of the meter run and orifice, the static pressure, flowing temperature, gravity and other factors of the Gas Flow Formula. In this discussion we will be concerned with only the first two: the meter run and the orifice plate. They are called the primary elements.

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