Email Document Reference

Enter your email address below and the reference for this document will be sent to shortly from webmaster@ceesi.com.

Title: Characterization And Management Of Produced Waters From Underground Natural Gas Storage Reservoirs
Author: John P. Fillo, James m. Evans
Source: American Gas Association 1990
Year Published: 1990
Abstract: In 1985, the Gas Research Institute (GRI) initiated a research program to investigate the characteristics and management of production waters from natural gas industry operations. Initial efforts on this program determined that there was a general lack of comprehensive data available. In addition, regulations governing oil/gas exploration and production waste management, underground injection of produced waters, and surface discharge of production waters all were changing and thus would affect management practices in the future. Underground storage of natural gas is an essential element of gas industry operations. Natural gas is stored in underground reservoirs virtually nationwide, and these operations represent the most complex combination of operations and processes in the gas industry. Produced water, which is the largest volume of waste generated from oil/gas production and from gas storage, is withdrawn from storage reservoirs along with the gas and must be managed. The chemical characteristics and volumes of produced water are highly variable, site specific, and depend on the characteristics of the storage formation. Produced waters are qualitatively similar in composition, consisting predominantly of dissolved salts (e.g., sodium chloride). They generally contain low levels of trace metais and volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds. Analytical results for storage produced waters are consistent in the compounds detected and variability of quantitative results with produced waters from oil and gas production as documented in GRIs APIs, and EPAs studies. Underground injection is the predominant method used to dispose produced waters from storage operations, although other methods are used.

In order to prevent spam and automated file downloads for documents within the Measurement Library, please follow the instructions below and then you will be able to email a reference to this article.