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Title: Determination Of Specific Gravity
Author: Geo E. Greiner
Source: 1940 Southwestern Gas Measurement Short Course (Now called ISHM)
Year Published: 1940
Abstract: The terra Specific Gravity may be used in referring to any number of substances but for our purpose and consideration at this time, it will be confined to gases and vapors and its effect upon their measurement through orifice meters. Definition. Webster defines S)ecific Gravity as ttie ratio of the weight of any volume of a substance to the weight of any equal volume of some other substance taken as a standard or unit. So followdng tlic rule laid down by iVIr. Webster-it is a comparaticly simple process to obtain tiie specific gravity of gas or vapor, after we once have obtained or discovered a substance which may be used as a standard. This standard substance, we are told is Air-the air we breathe, which has an assumed S)0cific gravity of 1,00. However, we must be even more specific than Mr. Webster as wc are dealing with gases, standard substance and the gas or vapor whose specific gravity we wish to obtain must be at the same pressure and temperature condition. So with an apparatus of some description, the air and the gas or vapor can be weighed or measured separately, establishing a ratio between the air and the gas or vapor. Having once determined the ratios of these weights wc in turn can calculate the specific gravity. Thus we have established a weight for the gas or vapor directly related to the weight of our air-and we may no%v refer to the gas or vapor as being so much lighter or heavier than air, just the same as we generallj speak of fluids or liquids being so much lighter or heavier than water.

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