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Title: The Effects Of Thermal Phenomena On The Accuracy Of Critical Flow Venturi Based Flow Rate Measurements
Author: Richard W. Caron, Charles L. Britton, Thomas m. Kegel
Source: 2003 Measurement Science Conference
Year Published: 2003
Abstract: As air flows through a critical flow venturi (CFV), the Mach number increases steadily from the inlet to the exit. The dependence of static air temperature on Mach number results in significant thermal gradients through the venturi. The difference between inlet and exit temperature can be as great as 190 Degrees Celsius (374 Degrees Fahrenheit) when the flow is fully expanded. Temperature gradients may result in distortion of the CFV geometry due to the material coefficient of expansion. When using a critical flow venturi to perform high accuracy flow measurements, even a small change in venturi throat area will introduce unwanted errors if the geometric distortion is not accounted for.

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