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Title: Determination Of Specific Gravity Equipment, Methods And Calculations
Author: Thomas Sowell
Source: 1997 Gulf Coast Measurement Short Course (Now called ASGMT)
Year Published: 1997
Abstract: The intent of this paper is to familiarize the reader with the term specific gravity, or more accurately, relative density. Calculation and some approaches to measurement and instrumentation are also presented. In 1985 AGA replaced the term specific gravity with relative density. This change has been reflected in virtually all national and international standards committees. Relative density is simply described as: the ratio of the weight of a sample gas relative to the weight of a reference gas at the same pressure and temperature conditions. In the natural gas industry this comparison is made between dry air and a sample gas. For example methane (CH4) has a relative density of 0.55392, ethane C2H6) is 1.0382. Both are ratios compared to dry air. Since methane relative density is a fraction of air, which is 1, then it is obviously lighter than air. On the other hand, ethane has a relative density greater that one so its measurement is heavier than air. Typical relative densities of natural gas range from 0.5 to 0.75.

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