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Title: Fundamentals Of Gas Chromatography
Author: Matt Church
Source: 2004 International School of Hydrocarbon Measurement
Year Published: 2004
Abstract: Measurement of the quality of natural gas requires a variety of instrumentation, only one of which is the gas chromatograph. Contractual requirements frequently define the energy content, relative density, and moisture content of the gas being sold. The sale of natural gas is performed on the basis of the heating value per unit volume of the gas. For these reasons, the industry uses instruments to monitor the quality of the gas at the point of sale or at strategic locations along a pipeline. The following instruments are commonly found in the field and in the laboratory: Gas Chromatographs Moisture Analyzers Gravitometers Hydrogen Sulfide Monitors Others . . . . . Many of the instruments listed above are portable and many are installed as online instruments at custody transfer points. In many cases, sample cylinders are used to take a sample of the gas to a lab chromatograph for analysis. If the method used to capture a gaseous sample in the cylinder is not optimal, an inaccurate sample could be obtained. For this reason, the need for proper sampling systems and portable or online instrumentation has increased. With modern instrumentation, the analysis of the gas is taking place in the field without transferring the sample to a laboratory. In this article we will restrict our discussions to gas chromatography (Refs. 2,6,8) used to measure the composition and heating value of the natural gas.

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