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Title: Sampling Methods For Measuring Circles And Cylinders In Coordinate Measuring Machines.
Author: U. Babu, J. Raja, R.J. Hooken
Source: 1994 Measurement Science Conference
Year Published: 1994
Abstract: In recent years, computer controlled coordinate measuring machines (CMM) have become the preferred method for dimensional measurement in industry. CMMs can provide detailed dimensional data for individual features such as circles and cylinders. In addition they are also capable of evaluating the relationships between various part features. In a CMM, discrete points on the part surfaces are measured first, and then a substitute geometry is fitted to the measured set of points. The results from a CMM inspection are affected by the errors that occur during data acquisition and substitute geometry computation, see figure 1. The accuracy of the machine and the probing system, systematic and random deviations of the measured surface from the ideal, number and distribution of points measured (sampling methods) are some of the factors that contribute to the uncertainty of measurement. The choice of algorithms used in the substitute geometry computation, their sensitivity, and bias to the input data contribute to errors on the software side and also lead to the methods divergence problem. Several factors that contribute to methods divergence problem have been identified, and efforts are underway to solve these problems. These include, mathematization of the basic Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing principles 2, development of standards for CMM software and standards for performance testing of CMMs

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