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Title: Fundamentals Of Liquid Measurement- Part 1
Author: Wesley G. Poynter
Source: 2001 International School of Hydrocarbon Measurement
Year Published: 2001
Abstract: If I were buying a barrel of oil from you, I would want the liquid to be as cold as possible. On the other hand, you, as the seller, would like the liquid to be as hot as practicable. Why? Because liquids expand with increased temperature and shrink with lower temperature. So, when I buy a barrel of cold oil, I actually get more oil for the price of one barrel, and when you sell a barrel of hot oil, you actually sell less oil for the price of one barrel. To avoid this dilemma the Petroleum Industry has adopted standards of volume. In the United States, the standard volume is the barrel containing 42 US gallons measured at the standard temperature of 60F. In Europe and many other parts of the World, the standard volume is the liter measured at the standard temperature of 15C. Tables of Volume Correction Factors (VCF) for correcting volumes measured at any temperature to the equivalent volume at standard temperature are available from the American Petroleum Institute (API) and the International Standards Organization (ISO).

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