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Title: An Assessment Of Frost Action Mechanisms And Their Effects On Gas Distribution Piping
Author: Marlon Mcclinton
Source: American Gas Association 1984
Year Published: 1984
Abstract: GRI is actively involved in research programs to insure the long term service life and reliability of metal (i.e., cast iron and steel) piping systems for natural gas distribution. A major portion of this research is being conducted within the Distribution Research Center (DRC) at Institute of Gas Technology (IGT). The DRC at IGT is a broad based research program on topics related to natural gas distribution in which research tasks of both long and short term nature can be conducted. This paper describes in summary one of those tasks: a 1-year research effort to assess frost action mechanisms to ascertain their influence on buried piping. The assessment included a review of published literature to better understand frost action mechanisms and a review of mitigation techniques that have been tried or that show promise. An analysis was performed using several actual gas utility field data bases and field measurements to ascertain the mechanisms leading to failure in cast iron pipe. An analysis was also performed to ascertain the potential benefits of inherent soil warming to minimize or reduce the need for costly methods to prevent frost heave downstream from regulator stations.

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