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Title: NEW IDEAS FOR ORIFICE METERING: INCREASING TURNDOWN USING ORIFICE METER TECHNOLOGY & ESG MITIGTIGATION IN ORIFICE METERING SYSTEMS
Author: Philip A. Lawrence
Source: 2023 American School of Gas Measurement Technology
Year Published: 2023
Abstract: Well and pipeline flow rates are often variable. Shale wells experience a steep decline curve. Pad drilling can bring on new wells, increasing flow, followed by declining flow in the future. This paper describes a strategy that can be employed to increase the operational flow range over which an orifice meter may be operated, thus lowering costs. Orifice meter turndown can be greater than is often assumed. Orifice plates used in natural gas custody transfer metering are subject to strict rules regarding flow rates and differential pressures that are allowed per each plate thickness versus diameter . Flow rates per area ratio (?)are defined to make sure that orifice plate elements are not overstressed or damaged, during normal operation . Differential pressures (DPs) are fully described over specific ranges in all national and international measurement standards relating to orifice metering such as AGA, API, and ISO, to make sure that plate elements are kept from high DP distortion during flowing conditions. Orifice plate and carrier removal/replacement in orifice fitting designs usually performed by using a mechanical crank handle and gear mechanism is left to each individual manufacturing company generally built to allow plate changes during flowing conditions.

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