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Title: Freeze-Up Protection For Instrument And Pilot Gas Lines
Author: A. J. Kerr, Jr.
Source: 1984 Appalachian Gas Measurement Short Course
Year Published: 1984
Abstract: Many natural gas systems suffer from time-to-time from bothersome equipment failures or line shut-off due to freezeup. Instrument and regulator pilot supply line freeze-ups can be avoided by the use of flameless, gas-fired catalytic heaters to externally heat the instrument piping and equipment or by adding a packaged, gas-fired catalytic gas heater to preheat the instrument gas stream. Cold, moist climates accentuate the problems of external freeze-up. With the temperature drop accompanying gas regulation, ice often accumulates on instrument gas regulators. plugs the vents and makes the equipment inoperable. Internal freeze-up occurs in instrument gas systems and pilot supply lines because of several factors. Residual water left in a normally dry pipeline after hydrostatic testing is often a cause. Hydrates sometimes form at temperatures as high as 50F. Summer months are difficult for some gas storage systems when the storage pressures are generally at their highest level. Instrument gas taken from high storage gas pressure undergoes a severe temperature drop as the pressure is cut to the instrument gas pressures. Internal freezeup from hydrate formation is a likely possibility.

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