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Title: Uncertainty And Calibration Of A Residential Ultrasonic Gas Flowmeter
Author: Gary P. Corpron,Guang Li,Dennis R. Montag
Source: American Gas Association 2000
Year Published: 2000
Abstract: Understanding and assessing uncertainty are common problems with most measurements. The evaluation of measurement uncertainty can become more difficult as the complexity of the measurement increases or as environmental conditions change. Ultrasonic flowmeters are instruments that measure time in order to calculate a flow rate. Ordinarily, time is easily measured to a high level of precision, so it might be expected that ultrasonic flowmeters should have a high degree of accuracy. Demonstrating that this is the case can be difficult, however. Part of the purpose of this paper, therefore, is to develop the general equations for a single path ultrasonic flowmeter. These equations are then analyzed to determine the meters sensitivity to variations in measured quantities. The uncertainties of individual measurements are discussed, and it is shown how they are combined to obtain an overall statement of the flowmeters accuracy. The role that a factory calibration plays in this process is discussed, and typical flowmeter calibration results are shown and analyzed. The outcome of this exercise is a more complete understanding of the uncertainty of residential ultrasonic gas flowmeters.

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