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Title: Advances In Transfer Coupler Reciprocity
Author: Joseph F. Zalesak
Source: 2005 Measurement Science Conference
Year Published: 2005
Abstract: The transfer coupler reciprocity technique is an improvement over the conventional coupler reciprocity in that it can provide absolute calibrations for hydrophones that are not specifically designed for use in a coupler and it can do so with high accuracy. The method uses two couplers to perform a calibration. The first coupler or reference coupler uses two similarly constructed reciprocal transducers. The acoustic compliance of this coupler is precisely known so that the reciprocity parameter is well known. The transfer impedances of the two transducers in this coupler are measured. This is the only measurement in which these transducers are electrically driven. This is desirable because transducers are more stable when used as hydrophones than as transmitters. The second coupler or transfer coupler uses the same two transducers as the first coupler as well as the hydrophone under test and a sound source. The two transducers from the first coupler as well as the hydrophone under test are symmetrically positioned in a circular arrangement with the sound source at the center of the arrangement. This arrangement provides the most uniform ensonification of the two transducers from the first coupler as well as the hydrophone under test. Using this technique an uncertainty approaching 0.1 dB with a coverage factor of 2 can be achieved.

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