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Title: Basic Scada Systems
Author: Rick Kroeker
Source: 2004 International School of Hydrocarbon Measurement
Year Published: 2004
Abstract: A SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) system is typical made up of many distributed remote microprocessors that are communicated to (supervised) by a central computer system most commonly referred to as a host. Supervisory control implies that the remote unit performs the local control function with the host performing the supervisory control function such as writing the setpoint to the controller. Not only does the host system send supervisory commands to the remote units but also it usually collects data (data acquisition) from the units. This data can be used for many purposes including feedback to the system operator, trending, alarming and accounting. SCADA systems are used for systems that are dispersed over large geographical areas such as gas, oil, electric, water and wastewater systems. In todays information age, the requirement for timely data is ever increasing. Increased quantity, quality and frequency of data yields better operational efficiency, safety as well as financial benefits. These requirements are imposing and requiring more sophisticated hardware and software, but a SCADA systems still contains the basic components. They can be categorized into the following areas. 1. Field Sensors and Actuators 2. Remote Terminal Units (RTUs) 3. Communications 4. Central Host Computer Systems 5. Data Users This paper will define each of these areas and provide a basic understanding how distributed systems are controlled (supervised) and how data flows from field to the various data users (data acquisition).

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