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Title: A Cost-Effective Approach On CO2 Emission Factor Estimation For Flare Ultrasonic Metering Systems
Author: Kjell-Eivind Frysa Anders Hallanger Endre Jacobsen Anders Lvoll Johansen
Source: 2010 North Sea Flow Measurement Workshop
Year Published: 2010
Abstract: In flare gas systems, flow measurement is important both for reports of gas emissions and for process control. Due to the nature of such systems, the flow rates in a flare line varies from very low at normal operations to full flare with very high flow rate in the case of flaring events. This means that a flow metering system for flares typically has to be able to measure flow velocities from 0.1 m/s or less, to more than 100 m/s in order to cover all cases. The measurement of the amount of flare gas is usually carried out by an ultrasonic flare gas meter. Such meters have been in operation for several decades. They are primarily volumetric flow meters measuring the actual (line) volume flow rate of the flare gas. By calculations using the measured pressure and temperature, the volume at a selected reference condition (in Norway typically standard condition of 1.01325 bar and 15 C) is found. Then accumulation of standard volume is carried out

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