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Title: The Effect Of Upstream Installation Conditions On The Performance Of Small Liquid Turbine Meters
Author: Brian C. Millington, Colin W. Adams, Nicholas W. King
Source: 1986 International Symposium on Fluid Flow Measurement
Year Published: 1986
Abstract: This paper quantifies shifts in meter characteristics brought about by positioning either a 90 elbow or two mutually perpendicular 90 elbows or a gate valve just upstream of nine commercially available turbine meters. Meters varied considerably in size and geometry, the range covered being 12-37 mm, and rotor blades being either twisted, flat or T shaped. It has been shown that the double bend configuration produces the largest meter factor error for all meter sizes and types, however, the nature of the error both in magnitude and direction followed no discernable pattern - some meters exhibiting a reduction in meter factor when the upstream flow was swirling in the direction of the rotor. It was noted though that meters with tube bundle integral flow straighteners always had errors in the expected direction and the magnitude was relatively small, being at most 1 per cent.

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