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Title: Determination Of Thermal Contraction Forces Acting On Polyethylene Pipe
Author(s): [Not Available]
Source: American Gas Association 1977
Year Published: 1977
Abstract: This attachment presents two situations of temperature change and resultant longitudinal forces acting on PE (Polyethylene) pipe due to thermal contraction. In the first situation, Section V. the forces are calculated based on instantaneous temperature drops. This does not represent a normal field situation where temperature changes in the earth are usually very gradual. The second situation. Section VI. illustrates the smaller force present with gradual temperature drop. This case represents an actual field situation where the highest to lowest earth temperature change (assumed same for pipe) took place over a 5-6 month period: thus the opportunity for stress relaxation and smaller increments of temperature change (with more favorable modulus, rather than a larger, final temperature modulus) combine to reduce the stress due to thermal contraction. Except for the speed of temperature change, conditions for two situations are the same.

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