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Title: Liquid C02-Sand Fracturing: The Dry Frac
Author: L. Arnold,
Source: American Gas Association 1996
Year Published: 1996
Abstract: The Carbon Dioxide blender consists of a large pressure vessel am manifold system that blends proppant into a liquid CO2 stream prior ti its introduction into the high pressure pumps. Proppant is pneumaticall loaded into the vessel before the job and the remaining space is fille with liquid CO2 (Figure 1). Once the job begins, the proppant is drawi into the liquid CO2 stream by hydraulically driven augers. The speed o the augers controls the required sand concentrations, which are mea sured by radioactive densitometers. Conventional fluids rely on viscosit to transport proppant in the fracture, whereas liquid CO2 treatments uti lize turbulence and velocity to accomplish the same results.

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