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Title: The Effect Of Viscosity On Hydrocarbon Liquid Turbine Meter Measurements
Author: Thomas Kegel Gordon Stobie
Source: 2009 South East Asia Flow Measurement Conference
Year Published: 2009
Abstract: Flow measurement requires ancillary measurements to achieve uncertainty levels acceptable for custody transfer applications. Volume corrections require pressure and temperature measurements, gas volume corrections additionally require composition information. The ancillary measurements are also required to achieve the required uncertainty from the flowmeter. Gas measurement examples include the dependence of orifice meter discharge coefficient or turbine meter K Factor based on the Reynolds number. While small corrections are conventionally applied to correct liquid density for pressure (CPL) and temperature (CTL), liquid viscosity corrections are uncommon. This paper updates current understanding of the effect of viscosity on liquid measurements in four parts. The first part presents a review of viscosity fundamentals including measurement, traceability, and uncertainty. The second part presents a correlation of turbine meter performance with viscosity. The discussion begins with a methodology to identify and organize relevant variables. Calibration data are presented to illustrate the correlation and facilitate further discussion. In the third part of the paper, data of liquid viscosity are described. The discussion includes sensitivity to changes in pressure and temperature as well as the dependence on density (API gravity). Previously published, as well as new, data are included. The final part of the paper investigates the impact of viscosity on traditional calibration practices based on master meters or provers. If a meter is calibrated using product at flowing conditions the effects of viscosity are generally reduced, whilst calibration in a laboratory will generally use a different fluid. Because fluid viscosity is not generally addressed it is a parameter whose effect is often ignored.

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