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Title: Carbon Dioxide Measurement Experience
Author: David Beitel
Source: 2000 International School of Hydrocarbon Measurement
Year Published: 2000
Abstract: Many of the major production companies have made significant commitments to a continuing program for tertiary recovery. Due to favorable reservoir response, Carbon Dioxide C02 has been selected as the principal injection material for tertiary recovery projects in the West Texas and the Rocky Mountain areas. As a result, the oil and gas industry, and more particularly the measurement industry, has been given the responsibility to design systems to handle a material for which little operation experience had been developed and for which there were minimal amounts of PVT data. Despite the fact that it has been many years since the first C02 projects were started, there still exists a large amount of uncertainty as to the correct method to determine volumetric flow rates in custody transfer application. These uncertainties can lead to excessively high measurement errors, especially in the pressure ranges typical of processing plant discharges, transportation pipelines, or at wellhead injection. At pressures typical of field gathering systems, or plant inlets, the effects of large concentrations of C02 will not effect the properties of gas to the extent that they will at higher pressures. With high concentrations of C02, however, the calculation methods could be affected. It is the purpose of this paper to detail some of the procedures developed both in the field and in the laboratory for the measurement of Carbon Dioxide.

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