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Title: Radioactive Waste Disposal By Hydraulic Fracturing
Author: Wallace De Lacuna
Source: American Gas Association 1970
Year Published: 1970
Abstract: Largely since World War II, ihe petroleum industry has developed the technique of hydraulic fracturing to increase oil recovery so that the procedure is almost universally used in reservoir rocks of low permeability. Single injections of 100,000 gal of oil containing 250,000 lb of sand are not unusual. Much the same equipment and procedure is used for waste disposal, although there are certain significant differences. The disposal well at Oak Ridge is drilled and cased to a depth of 1000 ft in shale using standard oil-field methods. The casing is slotted near the bottom and a self-hardening mixture of waste, Portland cement, and clay is pumped down under high pressure, forming a widespread, thin, horizontal fracture in the shale in which the waste sets up solid. After several injections into the same slot, totaling roughly 400,000 gal, the bottom of the well is plugged and a new slot cut some 10 ft higher up the well.

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