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Title: Upstream Pipe Wall Roughness Influence On Ultrasonic Flow Measurement
Author: H.J. Dane, R.Wilsack
Source: 1999 North Sea Flow Measurement Workshop
Year Published: 1999
Abstract: In high-pressure natural gas pipelines, installation requirements of modern ultrasonic flow meters usually only specify an upstream pipe length, without mentioning wall roughness. Since no data were available to support a specification, Measurement Canada and TransCanada PipeLines decided to conduct a series of tests under well-defined conditions. This document reports the results. The tests were carried out at the Ruhrgas test facility Pigsar in Germany, where two 12 Q.Sonic 3-path ultrasonic flow meters (Instromet) were repeatedly calibrated at about 45 bar, while various pipes of different roughness were mounted upstream. Two Ruhrgas engineers measured the wall roughness of the pipes using ISO 9001 certified standard methods. Over the range of conditions investigated, an increase of the roughness Ra from about 5 m to probably 20 m appears to increase the meter reading by about 0.1 - 0.2 %.

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