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Title: Sonic Nozzle Proving
Author: Jim Albert
Source: 1999 Appalachian Gas Measurement Short Course
Year Published: 1999
Abstract: This is all very evident when you prove manually using a bell. You operate the bell controls by hand you read the meter index and the bell scale by eye, the computation is basically dividing the scale reading by two cubic feet, and you write the results on a card. Since then much has changed in the details, but the fundamentals remain the same. The manual controls changed to electronic and then became computerized. Reading the index has gone from your eye to an electric eye to a magnetic sensor. Reading the true volume has gone from the bell scale to a chain encoder to timing flow through a sonic nozzle. Performing the computation has gone from the back of an envelope to a calculator to specialized electronics to a computer. And reporting the results has gone from scribbling on a card to automated printout to transmitting the results directly to a computer that may not even be in the same building.

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