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Title: Ultrasonic Flare Gas Flow Meter Techniques For Extremes Of High And Low Velocity Measurement And Experience With High CO2 Concentration
Author: Jed Matson Lei Sui Toan H. Nguyen
Source: 2010 North Sea Flow Measurement Workshop
Year Published: 2010
Abstract: The ultrasonic transit time gas flowmeter has been established as the preferred method for Flare Gas flow measurement with more than 3000 units installed worldwide in process plants and refineries, on and offshore. New requirements around total emissions have been, or are being, implemented around the world and this presents additional technical challenges for ultrasonic flowmeters in the areas of (1) extremely low flare flow rates (0.3 m/s and below) during normal, or base load flaring, (2) extremely high flare flows (80 m/s and above) during emergency flaring and (3) measuring the flow rate of gas with a high CO2 concentration. Low flare flows are influenced and asymmetric due to convection flow and stratification High flare flows introduce soaring flow noise, cause ultrasonic beam drift and thus deteriorate ultrasonic signal quality. High CO2 gas concentration can drastically attenuate ultrasonic energy

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