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Title: Approximation Of The Gas Expansion Process Occurring In Orifice Meters
Author: Kenneth E. Starling
Source: 2012 International Symposium on Fluid Flow Measurement
Year Published: 2012
Abstract: This paper uses descriptive approximations to analyze the gas expansion process in orifice meters and utilizes mathematical approximations to perform quantitative calculations. For flow of the gas upstream of the orifice plate which is longitudinal and without swirl, gas which impacts the face of the orifice plate experiences a pressure increase and flows radially toward the pipe centerline where the pressure is lower. Gas flowing radially toward the pipe centerline mixes with the flow near the centerline and enters the orifice bore. The pressure drop across the orifice plate causes the fluid passing through the orifice to accelerate and the maximum longitudinal centerline velocity occurs downstream of the orifice plate. Recirculation downstream of the orifice plate causes the maximum centerline velocity to be lower than would occur without recirculation.

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