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Title: Application And Design Of Various Types Of Primary Devices
Author: Frank E. Robertson
Source: 1967 Gulf Coast Measurement Short Course (Now called ASGMT)
Year Published: 1967
Abstract: This paper will cover the design and applications of Venturis, flow nozzles, orifice plates, differential metering ells, and other primary elements. The venturi was one of the first used for the commercial measurement of fluids, this work was begun in 1887 by Clemens Herschel. The specification of the standard form venturi must be a d hered to to insure reliable coefficients. The critical dimensions are the inlet cone, throat, exit cone, and location of the pressure taps. The inlet cone included angle is 21. The throat diameter should be manufactured within .0005 per inch of throat diameter. The length of the throat is equal to its diameter. Variation in the outlet cone has no effect on the discharge co-efficient, but seriously affects the pressure recovery. In some sizes the outlet cone may be truncated with out affecting the pressure recovery. Exit angles greater than 15 causes fluctuations in the pressure recovery. Eccentric round or rectangular venturi can be used, but they require Individual calibration. The high pressure connection is located one half diameter (inside pipe diameter) upstream of the beginning of the inlet cone. The low pressure connection is located in the center of the throat. The inside surfaces of a venturi are generally machined. In very large sizes only the throat is machined.

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