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Title: Fundamental Principles Of Orifice Metering
Author: H. V. Beck
Source: 1967 Gulf Coast Measurement Short Course (Now called ASGMT)
Year Published: 1967
Abstract: It should be noted that, in the theoretical equation, the differential head Is always in feet of the flowing fluid . If the fluid is water, the head would be in feet of water if it is oil, the head would have to be in feet of oil. Similarly, if air is flowing through an orifice, the head inducing flow must basically be introduced into the flow equation in feet of air.. Differential heads in feet of air, or gas, are a little difficult to visualize but they are quite possible - however, that is the reason we employ water in our example - so that the process may be grasped more readily. Fluid friction, the contraction of the stream emerging from the crifice, and similar Imperfections from the ideal conception, require that an experimentally determined coefficient of discharge, K, be introduced. For an orifice meter K varies from about 0.60 to 0.65 for flange taps, depending primarily upon the diameter ratio.

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