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Title: Expanding Pipeline Repair/Replace Options
Author: Kevin Waddell,Dr. Steven Vitale,Tom Miesner
Source: American Gas Association 2008
Year Published: 2008
Abstract: Developed countries face an aging pipeline infrastructure with an increasing need for more and more maintenance. At the same time, burgeoning development places limits on access and restricts working areas, making maintenance more difficult and expensive. The natural gas industry is no exception to the challenges of aging infrastructure and choking development. The natural gas industry faces an additional challenge population sprawl that converts formerly rural areas to Class 2, 3, and even 4, reducing Office of Pipeline Safety (OPS) Maximum Allowed Operating Pressures (MAOP). All the while, increasing demands require more throughput and higher MAOPs to satisfy it.

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