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Title: Field Experience Of Ultrasonic Flow Meter Use In CO2-Rich Applications
Author: Keith Harper John Lansing Toralf Dietz
Source: 2009 North Sea Flow Measurement Workshop
Year Published: 2009
Abstract: Ultrasonic gas flow meters have gained a wide acceptance in the field of natural gas exploration, transport, storage and distribution as well as in the process industry. There is one major segment, which could not be addressed so far with this technology - high attenuating gases like Carbon Dioxide. On the other hand exploration of less conventional natural gas sources will lead to more diverse operating conditions and compositions for natural gas measurement. One significant change compared to traditional sources is the increased level of CO2 in the gas. While standard applications deal with levels well below 5 mole percent, this amount may be as high as 20 mole percent, or even higher at some installations. Re-injection of CO2 into declining oilfields will require accurate and reliable flow measurement. Such applications contain up to 60% CO2 and require an accuracy level comparable to custody transfer for natural gas. While the flow measurement is currently being done primarily using Dp devices, such as orifice meters, it would be a significant improvement to use ultrasonic meters with their increased functionality, larger turn-down ratio reduced maintenance, and diagnostic capabilities. Applications such as CCS (Carbon capture and storage) with CO2 concentrations near 100% are even feasible today.

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