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Title: Theory And Operation Of Pilot Controls
Author: J. A. Pommersheim
Source: 1972 Southwestern Gas Measurement Short Course (Now called ISHM)
Year Published: 1972
Abstract: Before entering into the subject of Pilot Controls, some attention should first be given to Regulator Fundamentals. A clear understanding of the principles of regulation will assist greatly in the discussion of pilots and their method of operation. Consider first, a simple Regulator having just the basic elements necessary for operation. These components would consist of a diaphragm, a variable restriction and some reference standard that will provide the desired force for the pressure being controlled. For this example, a spring would serve best, as the applied force. Assume that these elements are so arranged that the spring force opposes a gas pressure across the diaphragm. Also that the variable restriction or valve is attached to the diaphragm by means of a stem in such a manner that movement of the diaphragm will cause the valve to open or close an orifice. This movement controls the amount of flow of gas through the orifice and is governed by the force balance at the diaphragm.

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