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Title: Development Of Recommended Practices And Guidance Documents For Upstream Oil And Gas Flow Measurement
Author: Eivind Dahl, Frank Ting, Chip Letton
Source: 2005 North Sea Flow Measurement Workshop
Year Published: 2005
Abstract: Commercial multiphase and wet gas flow meters have come a long way in their accuracy, reliability, and versatility since their introduction fifteen years ago. Furthermore, considerable experience has been gained in how to select, test, verify, implement, maintain and use these devices in various applications. Particularly in applications that are located offshore, either subsea or topside, the use of multiphase or wet gas flow meters in some cases may be the only practical method of individual phase flow rate measurement. While the maturity and acceptance of the techniques and products has steadily improved during this period, they are sufficiently different from the traditional methods of measurement that their introduction and acceptance has at times been slow. Even experienced personnel who might use them must learn not just the distinctly new technology, but also a whole new set of concepts and terminology describing the complexities of multiphase fluid flow dynamics, and the technologies used to measure the individual flow rates. Within the major oil and gas production companies this problem has been addressed by developing courses, manuals, seminars, and other training materials. All this will bring the measurement engineers and other staff, who should have an interest in the production data, up to date with regard to how the meters work, what are their flow measurement uncertainties and limitations, what vendor companies can offer, what advantages and disadvantages are provided by each, and so on. Nowadays, as perhaps never before, producing companies and governments worldwide are working in partnership together in the production of hydrocarbons, leading to more complex infrastructures and to questions on ownership of the various oil and gas streams. In those applications which are most likely to make use of multiphase or wet gas flow meters, it is rare that a single entity is the sole owner and completely responsible for measurement. Consequently it is not sufficient that multiphase flow measurement be well understood inside one company, but that throughout the industry this understanding is the norm rather than the exception. The most common method for developing this kind of understanding through the industry is by the creation of documentation that discusses at length the various issues that must be confronted. Typically this has been done through the publication of white papers, technical reports, recommended practices, and standards.




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