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Title: Fundamental Principles Of Orifice Metering
Author: E. J. Burgin
Source: 1975 Appalachian Gas Measurement Short Course
Year Published: 1975
Abstract: Unlike the positive displacement meter, the orifice meter does not measure volume. Instead it measures physical characteristics of a fluid such as pressure and pressure differential which can be converted into flowing volumes by use of a basic equation developed by a Swiss scientist, Daniel Bernoulli, in 1738. Since volume is obtained with an orifice meter after a determination of the physical characteristics, it can be termed an inferential-type meter that is, measurement is by inference or deduction. Before reviewing Bernoullis theory and the basic hydraulic formula, it is interesting to note that fluid metering began with water measurement and is as old or perhaps older than recorded history. It is known that the ancient Babylonians and Egyptians used some means of measuring or proportioning water from their irrigation systems to individual land holders. It is thought that their methods were adapted from procedures used in Eastern Asia at an earlier period.

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