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Title: New Data For The Correction Of Orifice Plate Measurements In Wet Gas Flow Conditions
Author: Andrew Hall, Richard Steven
Source: 2007 South East Asia Flow Measurement Conference
Year Published: 2007
Abstract: The orifice plate meter is a common flow meter in the oil and gas industry. This single phase gas flow meter is often used to meter unprocessed natural gas production flows which may in reality be wet gas flows. That is, the orifice meter is often used to meter the gas flowrate of a wet gas flow. As with all other differential pressure (DP) type meter designs used with wet gas flows, the orifice meter has a liquid induced error in its gas flowrate prediction output. The size of this error is stated in the literature to be dependent on the Lockhart-Martinelli parameter and the gas to liquid density ratio 1,2,3. However more recent wet gas research on other DP meter designs has shown liquid-induced errors in their gas flowrate prediction that are not only dependent on these two variables, but also the gas densimetric Froude number 4,5 and liquid properties 6,7,8,9. These particular phenomena have not yet been specifically investigated for wet gas flow through orifice meters. Also it is currently unknown whether changing the pipe diameter has any effect on the wet gas response of any DP meter, although there is some suspicion that this variable may have an affect 7,10. This paper shows new wet gas orifice meter data from tests conducted for BP at Colorado Engineering Experiment Station Inc. (CEESI) in 2006. The first set of data is for a 4 inch, 0.68 beta orifice meter at a nominal pressure of 60 bara with natural gas and the single liquid hydrocarbon component, Stoddard Solvent (which is a hydrocarbon mix that is predominately C10 to C12). The second set of data is for a 2 inch, 0.515 beta orifice meter at different pressures with natural gas and a liquid phase made up of various mixes of fresh water and Stoddard Solvent. This paper discusses the analysis of the 4 inch orifice meter wet gas data set and relates the results to the literature. The 2 inch orifice meter wet gas data set is analysed to offer some insight into the liquid property effect. Finally, the possibility of orifice meters having a wet gas flow diameter effect is discussed.

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