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Title: Defect Detection In Pipelines By Acoustic Emission
Author: J. F. Kiefner, F. B. Stulen
Source: American Gas Association 1982
Year Published: 1982
Abstract: Acoustic energy is released as a defect extends and as plastic strain occurs in the presence of a defect. These acoustic emissions AE) create high-frequency mechanical waves in the surrounding material. The phenomenon has been observed in pressurized pipelines and forms the basis of a potentially useful inspection technique. The AE waves in the pipeline steel attenuate quickly, but those in the pressurizing medium can be detected for hundreds, perhaps thousands of feet. The waves in the medium interact sufficiently with the pipe to permit them to be detected by transducers located on the outside of the pipe.

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