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Title: Compressibility Of Natural Gas
Author: Jeffrey L. Savidge
Source: 2011 International School of Hydrocarbon Measurement
Year Published: 2011
Abstract: The accurate measurement of natural gas and natural gas related fluids is difficult. It requires care, experience, and insight to achieve consistently accurate measurements that can meet stringent fiscal requirements. It is particularly difficult to measure complex fluid mixtures that are exposed to: (1) a range of operating conditions, (2) dynamic flow and fluid property behavior, and (3) changing equipment conditions. The compressibility factor is a ubiquitous concept in fluid measurement. It is used throughout many measurement practices and standards. At its most practical level, the compressibility factor is another fluid measurement correction factor. Unfortunately the mathematical methods, tools, descriptions and data associated with the compressibility factor obscure much of its simplicity. The purpose of this paper is to provide background on the development of the compressibility factor and related methods. It discusses their use in natural gas measurement, provides examples of the behavior of the compressibility factor, and illustrates the level of uncertainty that current compressibility factor data, methods and related property standards provide.

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