PR-015-17605-R01 Operation of SICK FS500 Ultrasonic Meters in Closed Coupled Installations
Author(s): Terry Grimley
Abstract/Introduction:
SICK Flowsic500 ultrasonic flow meters were tested over a range of pressures and flow rates in piping configurations that are similar to those commonly used for rotary meters.
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PR-306-16602-R01 Effect of Calibration Gas Blend on Chromatograph Accuracy
Author(s): Alice VATIN,Yann COURTOIS,Jean-Luc Fabre
Abstract/Introduction:
This report describes the tests results carried out on five natural gas gross calorific value analyzers depending on the calibration model. Three analyzers were conventional gas chromatographs. Two analyzers were new generation gas chromatographs. Twenty-three gas blend were used for this study including three calibration gas blend. Therefore, the report enables the most suitable linear calibration model to be chosen, in order to minimize gross calorific value measurement errors with respect to methods.
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PR-306-16602-R02 Effects Calibration Blends on Chromatograph Accuracy - Unblinded
Author(s): Amelie LOUVAT,Alice VATIN,Jean-Luc Fabre
Abstract/Introduction:
This report describes the tests results carried out on five natural gas gross calorific value analyzers depending on the calibration model. Three analyzers were conventional gas chromatographs. Two analyzers were new generation gas chromatographs. Twenty-three gas blend were used for this study including three calibration gas blend. Therefore, the report enables the most suitable linear calibration model to be chosen, in order to minimize gross calorific value measurement errors with respect to methods. This is an un-blinded report intended for members only. Please click here to view related webinar.
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PR-306-17600-R01 Gas Quality Benchmark Survey
Author(s): Amelie LOUVAT
Abstract/Introduction:
Nine operators participated to the gas Quality Benchmark. Fourteen compounds (or compound categories) were listed. The majority of gas operators are satisfied with the way analyses are currently carried out. . A significant need was however highlighted by most operators: a single analyzer (strong measuring performance: measuring dynamic and accuracy) capable of measuring several compounds online simultaneously, with a lower overall cost (CAPEX/OPEX) than current costs. This document outlines the survey that was performed and the corresponding information supplied.
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PR-306-17600-Z02 Gas Quality Benchmark Manufacturers Survey PII
Author(s): Amelie LOUVAT
Abstract/Introduction:
Twenty manufacturers participated to the Gas Quality Benchmark. Answers were given for 15 out of 16 compounds or categories of compounds. Only for biological agents, no answer was collected. The answers are technical responses from the market to cover the needs and specifications expressed by the gas operators (in Phase 1). Eighteen analyzers were identified as multicomponents analyzers. These analyzers are able to measure from two up to eleven components. Most of them are designed for natural gas analysis. Some manufacturers proposed multicomponents analyzers which are develop for industrial gas, gas purity control and air quality. Thank to this study, a list a potential analyzer of interest are now available. Some of these analyzers could be tested in the near future to validate the analytical performances and confirm the adequacy to the gas industry needs. Also contains contact information to the suppliers, available data sheets, and summary information.
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PR-363-17602-R02 Gap Analysis in Liquid Volume Proving Methods
Author(s): Brendan Robson
Abstract/Introduction:
The overall aim of the project is to identify the best practices in measurement system design and proving procedures in order to reduce measurement uncertainty. This is in recognition that improvements made to the calibration of flow meters would have a direct correlation in reducing system measurement uncertainty, improving overall pipeline balancing, and, amongst other benefits, reducing the minimum detection thresholds of leak detection systems. The project includes an extensive literature review of proving practices, standards, developments and case studies. This was balanced by an industrial survey which collected views, experiences and priorities. A gap analysis was then conducted on the literature and survey results to meet the projects recommendations on areas of improvement and derived priorities. The proving of ultrasonic and Coriolis flow meters requires special attention. By analyzing the existing literature, the project considers such concerns and presents suggestions for these devices in particular. This report has a related webinar.
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PR-363-17602-R03 Gap Analysis in Liquid Volume Proving Methods
Author(s): Brendan Robson
Abstract/Introduction:
The overall aim of the project is to identify the best practices in measurement system design and proving procedures in order to reduce measurement uncertainty. This is in recognition that improvements made to the calibration of flow meters would have a direct correlation in reducing system measurement uncertainty, improving overall pipeline balancing, and, amongst other benefits, reducing the minimum detection thresholds of leak detection systems. The project includes an extensive literature review of proving practices, standards, developments and case studies. This was balanced by an industrial survey which collected views, experiences and priorities. A gap analysis was then conducted on the literature and survey results to meet the projects recommendations on areas of improvement and derived priorities. The proving of ultrasonic and Coriolis flow meters requires special attention. By analyzing the existing literature, the project considers such concerns and presents suggestions for these devices in particular. This report has a related webinar.
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PR-461-14602-R02 Sample Mixing and Centrifugal Forces on Density and Sediment-Water Results
Author(s): Bei Zhao,James Laszlo,Heather Kaminsky
Abstract/Introduction:
The crude oil being transported by pipeline varies widely in density, viscosity, sulfur content, and other fluid properties. In a custody transfer, both parties are concerned with the quantity and the quality of the crude oil since this determines the monetary value of the transaction. The objective of this project is to investigate various factors that can impact accurate determination of the density, sediment and water content of crude. The findings will be critical to improve current procedures, including proper sample mixing and handling, analytical methodologies, and operation parameters, so that reliable and accurate custody transfer can be provided to all involved parties internationally.
This project investigated the impact of mixing and analytical methodologies on crude density and S&W determination. Operating parameters tested included mixing time (3 or 5 minutes), mixing system (new or old) and sample size (3 or 7 liters). Density determination was conducted by a thermos-hydrometer test and a digital density meter and the results were compared. S&W content was quantified by the centrifuge method and Karl Fischer titration and the results were compared. For the centrifuge method, the impact of two centrifugal forces on S&W results was also studied.
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